Pathogen attacking our body When we are attacked by a pathogen, a protein on the surface of that particular type of pathogen, known as an antigen activates the immune system of our body. Therefore, our white blood cells release a specific type of protein which helps us to respond to the antigen called antibodies. Our body then remembers how to make this new type of antibody, for next time. Next time that type of pathogen invades our body, our antibodies would quickly destroy it. Definition of a Pathogen: The term "Pathogen" is most commonly used to refer to a infectious organism. A pathogen is an agent of disease or a disease producer.
Here is a video to help visualize how the antibodies work upon the antigen when a pathogen is detected in our body:
Another type of immune system that exists in our body would be the Natural Killer cell (NK): What is a natural killer cell? It is a cell that can react against and destroy another cell without prior sensitization to it. Natural killer (NK) cells are part of our first line of defense against cancer cells and virus-infected cells.
How do they work? Here is a video to help visualize how natural killer cells work:
The primary response refers to the response that the body gives, the first time it is exposed to a certain virus or bacteria. When the T-cells and B-cells come in contact with the antigen, it multiples into the Memory B cells and the Plasma cell. The memory B cells are responsible for “rembering the disease” while the is responsible for the primary response. This causes the antibody to increase quickly to a certain point where the Plasma cells begin to die (Tam and Calvez). Then, after the primary response has finised, and the body encounters the the invading material again, the body will begin to have a secondary response. This is when the body has information about the disease and as a result, more antibodies are produced to fight off against this virus or bacteria (Tam and Calvez). Responsibility of B-lymphocyte (B-cell)and a T-lymphocyte (T-cell) B-cells are responsible for producing antibodies to fight of antigens. T-cells are responsible for identifying the antigens. ------------------------------- (Vaccination)
From:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwVfcc1S7IU&feature=player_embedded Video explaining how vaccines work at a closer view (How does a vaccine)
Cell Mediated Immune Response . You Tube. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tBOmG0QMbA>.
------------------------------------------------(Pathogen)
Pathogen attacking our body
When we are attacked by a pathogen, a protein on the surface of that particular type of pathogen, known as an antigen activates the immune system of our body. Therefore, our white blood cells release a specific type of protein which helps us to respond to the antigen called antibodies. Our body then remembers how to make this new type of antibody, for next time. Next time that type of pathogen invades our body, our antibodies would quickly destroy it.
Definition of a Pathogen: The term "Pathogen" is most commonly used to refer to a infectious organism. A pathogen is an agent of disease or a disease producer.
Here is a video to help visualize how the antibodies work upon the antigen when a pathogen is detected in our body:
From: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ys_V6FcYD5I&feature=player_embedded
There are three different types of immune protection; it can be active or passive, and natural or artificial. This is explained below:
----------------------- (Antibody Molecule)
Another type of immune system that exists in our body would be the Natural Killer cell (NK):
What is a natural killer cell?
It is a cell that can react against and destroy another cell without prior sensitization to it. Natural killer (NK) cells are part of our first line of defense against cancer cells and virus-infected cells.
How do they work?
Here is a video to help visualize how natural killer cells work:
From: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNP1EAYLhOs&feature=player_embedded
Video explaining how an immunity system works (Immune System – Natural)
From:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L32Na8fGjzA&feature=player_embedded
Video explains how the humoral immunity works (Humoral Immune Response)
From:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tBOmG0QMbA&feature=player_embedded
Video on cellular immunity (Cell Mediated Immune)
Primary and Secondary Immune Responses:
The primary response refers to the response that the body gives, the first time it is exposed to a certain virus or bacteria. When the T-cells and B-cells come in contact with the antigen, it multiples into the Memory B cells and the Plasma cell. The memory B cells are responsible for “rembering the disease” while the is responsible for the primary response. This causes the antibody to increase quickly to a certain point where the Plasma cells begin to die (Tam and Calvez).
Then, after the primary response has finised, and the body encounters the the invading material again, the body will begin to have a secondary response. This is when the body has information about the disease and as a result, more antibodies are produced to fight off against this virus or bacteria (Tam and Calvez).
Responsibility of B-lymphocyte (B-cell)and a T-lymphocyte (T-cell)
B-cells are responsible for producing antibodies to fight of antigens.
T-cells are responsible for identifying the antigens.
------------------------------- (Vaccination)
From:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwVfcc1S7IU&feature=player_embedded
Video explaining how vaccines work at a closer view (How does a vaccine)
Cell Mediated Immune Response . You Tube. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1tBOmG0QMbA>.
"Pathogen Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions of Popular Medical Terms Easily Defined on MedTerms." Web. 31 May 2011.
http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6383.
Tam, Hiong Lin, and Tiara Le Calvez. “Immunity and Vaccination.” Wikispace. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2011.
http://circsystemsunsig09r3b.wikispaces.com/%28c%29%09+Immunity+and+vaccination.